Hair-curling apparatus



y 1929; P. SANTURELLO 1,714,439

HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed Dec. l'7', 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

y 21, 1929- P. SANTURELLO 1,714,439

' HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 17, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 er er 5a/7/urz//o JNVENTOR.

A TTORNEYS.

y '1, 1929. P. SANTURELLO 1,714,439

HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 17, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Pe/er 5J/7///'//0 INVENTOR.

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A TTORNEYS.

May 21, 1929. p SANTURELLO 1,714,439 I HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 1'7, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

Patented May 21, 1929.

UNITED STATES PETER SANTURELLO,

OF COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HAIR-CURLING APPARATUS.

Application filed December 17, 1926. Serial No. 156,521.

My invention relates to hair curling apparatus and, more particularly, to devlces for winding and curling hair upon a mandrel embodying means for locking the de vices at any position on the said mandrel as a preliminary step in the permanent wave hair dressing process.

' In the past, in the permanent waving of hair, it has been the practice to secure a mandrel to a lock or bunch of hair adjacent the scalp by means of a piece of string or the like, and then wind the hair by hand about the mandrel and secure the remote ends thereof to the mandrel by a second piece of string. This process is not only laborious, complicated and slow, but it'involves the use of various tools for tensioning the hair upon the mandrel, such tools being usually provided with a ratchet mechanism for securing the hair in taut position. Also, this process requires considerable skill on the part of the operator and uniform and satisfactory results are not always obtained.

My invention provides, among other things, "mechanism for securing a mandrel to the hair without the use of strings, et cetera, mechanical means for winding or coiling the hair upon. the mandrel, and means for simultaneously stretching and overlapping the sucessive spirals. The principal object of my invention is to prov1de means whereby the curling operation may be rapidly accomplished in a more satisfactory and uniform manner without damaging the hair or requiring the services of a highly skilled operator.

Accordingly, an object of my invention is the provision of a positive, effective and easily manipulated gripping and locking dehair adjacent the scalp.

Another'object of my invention is the provision of means disposed about the gripping and locking device for protectin the scalp from the harmful effects caused y the contacting of the gripping device with the head when attached to the hair adjacent the scalp.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a simple and effective device for subjecting all parts of the hair wound upon the mandrel winder to substantially equal and uniform tensional strains.

A further object of my invention is the provision of a sleeve for increasing, the winding surface of the mandrel upon which the hair is wound.

vice for attaching the mandrel to a lock of A still further object of my invention is the provision of a telescopic sleeve embodying means for frictionally holding or retain- (iinglsuch sleeve at any position on the man- A still further object of my invention is the provision of a winding device which comprises several parts, and which is readily and easily assembled.

A still further object of my invention is the provision of a device that is easily assembled and has no springs.

A further important object of my invention is the provision of a windin device which includes means for causing t 'e short hairs protruding from the hair being wound upon the mandrel to be wound uniformly upon the mandrel and retain such hair in wound position thereon.

A stillfurther object of my invention is the provision of a winding device which embodies a locking device operable at the will of the operator for locking the winding device at any position on the mandrel.

Other important features of my invention will appear as the description progresses and will be more particularly defined in the appended claims. The various ob jects may be obtained by the embodiments illustrated in the accompan ing drawings wherein similar characters 0 reference designate corresponding parts and wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of a curling mandrel showing m improved hair gripping and locking evice provided with a protective pad attached thereto.

Figure 2 is a front elevational view of my improved hair gripping and locking device shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the mandrel and gripping device shown in Figure 1 with parts disassembled and showing the manner of. securing the different parts 'in operative relation, and the spirally recessed plates which coact to attach, the mandrel to the lock of hair.

Figure 4 is a'perspective view of a device employed for winding a lock of hair upon,

the mandrel.

Figure 5 is a side elevational-view of the winding device shown in Figure 4 with parts disassembled.

'Figure 6 is a side elevational view with parts broken away showing the telescopic sleeve mounted upon the mandrel.

Figure 7 is a side elevational view of another form of a device employed for winding a lock of hair upon the mandrel.

Figure 8 is a side elevational view of another form ofa winding device which may be employed for winding a lock of hair upon the mandrel.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the mandrel and one form of hair winder in assembled relation showing a lock of hair secured in the gripping head preparatory to the winding or curling operation.

Figure 10 is a perspective view similar to Figure 9 showing the relation of the parts when the lock of hair secured in the gripping device has been completely wound upon the mandrel.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of the mandrel and another form of hair winder in assembled relation showing a lock of hair secured in the gripping head preparatory to the winding or curling operation.

Figure 12 is a perspective view similar to Figure 11 showing the relation of the parts when the lock of hair secured in the gripping device has been wound upon the mandrel.

Figure 13 is a side elevational view partly broken away to show the interior of the adapter and the spring clip for holding the mandrel in assembled relation to the heater.

Figure 14 is a side elevation showing another form of the telescopic sleeve illustrated in Figure 6.

Figure 15 is a side elevational view showing another form of a winder embodying means for locking the hairvupon the mandrel at any position on the mandrel operable at the will of the operator.

Figure 16 is a sectional side elevational view of the form of winder illustrated in Figure 15.

Figure 17 is a side elevation of another form of curling mandrel.

Fi ure 18 is a front elevational view of my hair gripping and locking device, as shown in Figure 17.

Figure 19 is a perspective view of the mandrel and gripping device, as shown in Figure 17, with parts disassembled and showing the manner of securing the different parts in operative relation.

Figure 20 is a perspective view of another form of device employed for winding a lock of hair upon the mandrel.

,Fi ure 21 is a perspective view of the winding and locking device shown in Figure 20 with the parts disassembled.

Figure 22 is a perspective view of the structure shown in Figure 17 with the winding mechanism in position and a lock of hair secured in the gripping head, preparatory 'to the winding or curling operation.

Figure 23 is a perspective view of my hair curling apparatus showing the winder shown in Figures 20 and 21, this figure showing the windingportion removed and the wound hair being held by the body portion of the winder.

In the drawings my invention is shown face of the plate2isa threaded post 10 torming a bearing portion for" the upper plate 3. The upper plate 3 may be formed with a flange 11 which encloses part of the flange 6 of the are superimposed.

The two plates 2 and 3 may be secured 1n contacting relation by means of screw 14 which engages a threaded socket in the post 10. The head of the screw 14 is preferably countersunk or positioned in the cup 15 formed on the plate 3 and a resilient washer or spring 16 may be interposed between the cup 15 and the head of the screw 14 for increasing the friction between plates-2 and 3. With the construction just described, the plates 2 and 3 are revoluble or oscillatable with reference to each other and they remain in any relative" position to which they have been revolved or oscillated.

The numeral 16 designates a member embodying a protective pad 19 made of any soft, pliable and, preferably, absorbent ma terial and a socket portion 17, the pad and socket portion being secured together. As shown, the socket portion 17 ,is annular and embodies a recess 18. Also, the pad 19 embodies a recess 20 of relatively the same size as the recess 18 in the socket portion. The

diameter of the socket portion is slightlygreater than that of" the plate 3 and is adapted to surround the plate asshown in F igure 1 and be frictionally held thereon.

Another form of my invention is shown 1n Figures 17 to 23, inclusive, and comprises a hollow mandrel 1' having astem 71 passing therethrough. This stem 71 is threaded at one end as at 79 to connect with the lower plate 72. The opposite end of the stem 71 has a spring 73 thereon which is adapted to hold the upper plate 74 and the lower plate 72 in frictional contact.

The lower plate 72-is of a square shape and is prevented from making a complete turn when contacting with the circular upper plate 74 by means of the stop 76 which is imposed on the under face of the upper plate 74. Attached to the lower plate 72 plate when the two plates the winder frictionally upon the mandrel preferably provided with a series of is the protective pad 75 made of some soft, pliable and, preferably, absorbent material. The upper and lower plates, including the pad, are recessed as has been previously described.

The winding device employed for wrapping or coiling the hair around the mandrel 1 may be any one of the forms shown in Figures 4, 5, 7, 15, 16, and 21. The winding device shown in Figures 4 and 5 comprises Ia forked-shaped member 21 and a helically-shaped member 22 detachably secured to said forked-shaped member. The forked-shaped member 21 comprises a tapered portion 23 interposed between a collar 24 and a -U-shaped member 25. The -tapered portion 23 is provided with a plurality of slits'26 and has a central opening 27 extending therethrough. The U-shaped member 25' terminates in a cylindrical collar. Extending from the outer face of the collar 27 and formed integrally therewith is a helically-shaped finger 28 having a pin 29.

The helically-shaped finger 28 serves to automatically feed the winding device along the mandrel by the pressing of its spiral surface against the hair being wound. This is a very simple device for automatically feeding the winding device as the winding operation progresses.

The helically-shaped member 22 is provided with a slot 30 which is adapted to receive the pin 29 of the forked-shaped member 21. The helically-shaped member 22 is perforations 31 and carries a finger 32.

In order to assemble the winding device just described, the helically-shaped member 22 is secured to the forked-shaped member 21 causing the slot v3O on the helicallyshaped member 22 to engage the pin 29 extending from the helically-shaped finger 28. It is to be noted that a winder constructed in two parts enables the operator to disassemble the winder and thus thoroughly clean the winder. Furthermore, the purpose of the slits 26 is to friction'ally hold or retain the winder in a fixed position upon the mandrel when mounted thereon, and to retain such position until the operator exerts suflicient pressure upon the winder .to overcome the force exerted by the frictional engagement of the winder with the mandrel.

In the form shown in Figure 7, the winder comprises a cylindrical portion 33 bounded by the collars 34. The cylindrical portion 33 is preferably hollow and is provided with perforations 35.. Extending from one of the collars 34, is a tapered portion 36 pro vided with slits 37 adapted to retain or hold when mounted thereon. Extending from the other collar 34 is a rod .38 provided with a finger 39. Pivotally mounted upon the rod 38 intermediate the collar 34, and the finger 39, is a semi-circular shaped member 40 preferably provided with perforations 41.

The device shown in Figure 8 comprises a reduced cylindrical portion 42 provided withslits 43 and an enlarged tapering portion 44 having a plurality of perforations 45 about its periphery, such winder being preferably made in one piece.

This device is adapted to be slipped onto 'the mandrel and over the wound hair to hold it in wound condition, whether the winding has been done by a mechanical winder or manually.

The winding device shown in Figures 15 and 16 is of a form similar to that shown in Figures 4 and 5 and differs from such form in that the forked-shaped portion is solid. The top of the central or solid portion 46 of the winderv shown in Figures 15 and 16 is providedwith a slot 47. Mounted within the slot 47 and adapted to be moved into or out of such slot is locking cam 48. This cam 48 is secured to the central portion 46 by means of the pin 49 as clearly shown in such figures. i

By inspection of this Figure 16, it'will,

be shown that there is an internal cam. 81 similar to the cam in Figure 5, provided for contacting with the hair and causing the automatic feed along the mandrel as the winding operation progresses.

The cam 48 is eccentrically mounted on the pin 49. This cam, when one operating arm thereof is moved downwardly and the other arm moves upwardly corres ondingly, serves to lock the winder in any esired position on the mandrel by a wedging action. Such action will be readily understood by referring to Figure 16 of the drawings.

Figures 20 and 21 show another form of winding device. The'portion 77 is slidably connected to the portion 78 by means of the groove 79 and theflange 80. The por- IOU tion 77 is prevented from rotating on the portion 78 by the same means. Such construction permits the portion 77 to be re moved from the winding device after the hair is wound, thus materially reducing the size of the mandrel.

forms shown inthe dawings, such member is designated-by the numeral 50 and may embody t e form shown in Figure 6 which comprises tapered ends 51 or 52 provided withslits 53 and 54 or the form shown in Figure 14 wherein the central portion 55 of. the telescopic member 50 is slightly smaller and carries a plurality of slits 56'. One of the ends of the telescopic member 50 shown in Figure 14 is provided with a collar 57.

The end of the mandrel '1 opposite the end to which is secured the gripping device is slotted and receives stem 58 having a knob 59.

After the hair has been wound upon the v mandrel 1, the mandrel carrying the winder is inserted into an adapter tube 60. The mandrel is held in a fixed position within the adapter tube through the medium of the knob 59 engaging the resilient tongues 61 and 62 of the s ring clip 63 mounted within the end 64 of t e adapter tube 60.

The. adapter tube 60 carries a collar which is provided with a tapering flange 66. The collar 65 is mounted upon the outer circumference of the adapter tube 60 and is adapted to be positioned at any fixed point on said tube through the medium of the set screw 67.

When the mandrel having the hair wound thereon is fixedly positioned within the adapter tube 60, the 'adapter tube is inserted into the opening 68 of the heater 69, and fixedly secured therein through the medium of the collar 65.

In the operation of my hair curling device, as shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, the parts are assembled by fitting the plate '3 upon the plate'2. The washer 16 is then placed upon the post 10 and the screw 14 is screwed into the internal threads of this post 10. The pad 16 is then fitted over the plate 3.

The winder shown in Figure 4 is then slid onto the mandrel 1, being held in any adjusted position thereon by the gripping action of the split collar 24. A lock of hair is then passed into the recesses 4 and 5, which" are at that time in alignment and which are also .aligned with the recess 20 in the pad 16.

With the parts in this position, the plates 2 and 3 are rotated with relation to each other so that they effectively grip the lock of hair. The springwasher 16 which is effectivev to frictionally maintain the plates 2 and 3 with their spiral recesses in alignment, that is, in oplen position, is effective, also, to maintain t e plates with their recesses in completely closed or partially closed position, the degree of closing ordinarily depending upon the size of the lock of hair.

The lock of hair is then slipped beneath the finger 32 and into the helical slot in the member 22. The entire winder, shown in Figure 4, is then rotated to wind the lock of hair about the mandrel. In the course of this winding action, the cam finger 28 presses against the hair already wound upon the mandrel and this results in an automatic feeding of the winder along the mandrel as the hair winding operation progresses.

With the structure shown in Figure 6, a

telescopic sleeve is shown mounted upon the is shown enclosed in the heating tube.

of the mandrel, either by increasing the effective diameter of the mandrel or by increasing the length thereof.

The form of winder shown in Figure 7, operates in substantially the same manner as the winder shown in Figures 4 and 5.

The device is additionally provided with a pivoted semi-circular plate which eflectively smooths the wound hair but leaves a larger portion of it visible and accessible. The device shown in Figure 8 is adapted to be slipped onto the mandrel and over the hair after winding to hold it in place. The operation of these devices of Figures 7 and Sis illustrated in Figures 9 to 12.

In Figure 13, my hair curling apparatus The manner in which this is accomplished" has been explained. a

In Figures 15 and 16, the winding device operates substantially in the same way as the other winding devices, in that the lock of hair is passed beneath the helical finger and rotation of thewinder results in winding the hair about the mandrel. At the same time, the internal cam shown in Figure 16 presses against the hair as it is wound and forces the device longitudinally.

With the structure shown in Figures 17 to 19 inclusive, the mandrel is hollow and the outer recessed plate carries an internally threaded sleeve which is adapted to extend into the hollow interior of the mandrel. When in this position, it receives the threaded member 71 and this threaded member may be rotated to lock the two plates together in any desired position. Of course, the plates are normally held in closed frictional but movable relation by means of the spring 73.

With the form of winder shown inFigurcs 20 and 21,'there is provided a body por tion and a winding device. The winding device may be attached to or removed from the body by a sliding action. Therefore, after the winding operation is completed, the winding device may be removed from its body portion and the body portion, friction ally gripping the mandrel and abutting the wound hair, will hold this hair in wound position. It should be noted that this winder of Figures 20 and 21 is also. rovided with a cam for automatically eeding the winder along the mandrel during the winding operation.

Figures 22 and 23 show the device of Figures 20. and 21 during the winding operation and then, during the holding of the hair by the body portion.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that I have produced a device which may be employed for curling hair in a minimum of time and in a uniform and systematic manner. Furthermore, my inventionalso does more satisfactory work, re-

quires less skill than other processes, curls the ends of the hair, produces perfect ringlets, subjects all parts of the hair to substantially the same strain and eliminates strings and the inconvenience and damage attending their use.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In hair curling apparatus embodying a mandrel, a sleeve provided with a tapered portion having a plurality of slits adapted to be frictionally mounted upon said mandrel to increase the Winding surface of said mandrel.

2. In hair curling apparatus embodying a mandrel, a winding device adapted to be slidably and revolubly mounted on said mandrel, said device comprising a cylindrical tapered member having one end provided with slits.

3. In hair curling apparatus embodying a mandrel, a winding device adapted to be slidably and revolubly mounted on said mandrel, said winding device comprising a body portion and a spirally shaped cup member having a finger depending therefrom adapted to be slidably secured to said body portion 4. In hair curling apparatus embodying a mandrel, a winding device comprising a hair winder and hair holding device, said hair winder being entirelyremovable while leaving the hair holding device in position upon the mandrel.

5. In hair curling apparatus embodying a mandrel, a winding device adapted tobe slidably and revolubly mounted on said mandrel, said device comprising a cylindrical tapered memberhaving one end provided with slits, a finger depending from the other end thereof and a helically-shaped finger intermediate said slitted end and said finger.

6. In hair curling apparatus, a mandrel, a winding device and a cam on said winding device adapted to feed and wind the winding device \along the mandrel by contact with the hair du'ring'the winding operation.

7. In a. hair curling apparatus, -a mandrel and a winder embodying the body portion and a detachable hair containing portion, said body portion being adapted to remain upon the mandrel and hold the wound hair while said detachable hair containing portion is removed. I

8. A winder for hair curling apparatus comprising a cam adapted to feed said winder automatically along the wound lock of hair as the winding operation progresses.

9. Hair curling apparatus comprising a mandrel, a winder separable into two parts, and a cam on one of said parts. for automatically feeding the winder along the mandrel as the winding operation progresses.

10. Hair curling apparatus comprising a mandrel, a plurality of gripping members designed to cooperate to receive and grip a lock of hair, and means carried by the mandrel for locking said gripping members at a selected position.

11. A permanenthair waving device comprising a mandrel, a plurality of plates, said plates being adapted to grip a lock of hair, and means carried by said plates for forcing them together to prevent relative rotation of said plates when in hair gripping position.

12. A permanent hair waving device comprising a winder, and a mandrel therefor, having a look at one end thereof and a winder loosely mounted for rotating and longitudinal movement thereon, and comprising a slotted shell, a cam therein andresilient means formed integrally with the shell and adapted to frictionally grip the mandrel.

13. A permanent hair waving device comprising a winder, and a mandrel therefor, having a lockat one end thereof and a winder loosely mounted for rotating and longitudinal, movement thereon, and comprising a slotted shell, a cam therein and resilient means formed integrally with the shell and adapted to frictionally grip the mandrel, the shell having also an integrally formed finger to guide the hair into the slot.

14. A permanent hair wavin device comprising a winder, and a man rel therefor, having a look at one end thereof and a winder loosely mounted for rotating and longitudinal movement thereon, and comprising a shell consisting of two parts, a cam within and secured to the shell and resilient means formed integrally with the parts of the shell and adapted to frictionally grip the mandrel.

15. A permanent hair waving device comprising a mandrel and a winder therefor, said winder comprising a one-piece. shell having a slot and finger and a cam within the shell.

16. A permanent hair waving device comprising a mandrel and a winder therefor, said winder comprising a one-piece shell having a slot and finger, a cam within the shell and resilient means integral with the shell to hold the winder in adjusted position on a mandrel.

17. Hair curling apparatus comprising relatively movable recessed plates, and a scalp protecting member consisting of a soft pliable material attached to a socket member, the said socket member being adapted to receive one of said recessed plates.

In testimony whereof I hereby affix my signature.

PETER SAN TURELLO. 

